Maulana fazlullah biography of william blake

Pakistani Taliban leader (–)

Mullah Fazlullah ملا فضل اللہ
In office January 12, &#;– June 14,
Preceded by	Sufi Muhammad
In office November 7, &#;– June 14,
Preceded by	Hakimullah Mehsud
Succeeded by	Noor Wali Mehsud
Born	Fazal Hayat[1] &#;() Swat District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Died	14 June () (aged&#;43–44)[2][3] Marawara District, Kunar Province, Afghanistan(present-day Taliban regime)
Children	Muhammad Hakim, Abdul Basit (deceased)
Allegiance	Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi (–) Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (–)
Years&#;of service	–
Rank	Emir of the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan and Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi
Battles / wars

Fazal Hayat^[1] ( – 15 June ), more commonly known by his pseudonym Mullah Fazlullah (Pashto/Urdu: ملا فضل اللہ),^[4] was an Islamistjihadist militant who was the leader of the Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi, and was the leader of the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan in Swat Valley.^[5][6] He became the emir of the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan in , and presided over the descent of the group into factions who are often at war with each other.

Fazlullah was designated by the Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions Committee of the Security Council in ,^[7] and was added to the U.S. State Department's Rewards for Justice wanted list on 7 March ^[8]

Fazlullah was killed in June by a U.S. drone strike in Kunar, Afghanistan.^[9]

Birth and Marriage

Fazlullah was born Fazal Hayat in into a Pashtun family in the Swat District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.^[10][11] He married the daughter of Sufi Muhammad, the founder of Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi.

It is rumoured that Fazlullah kidnapped Sufi Muhammad's daughter as a student in Sufi Muhammad Madrassa. MSNBC, a news channel in the United States, obtained a photo^[12] of Fazlullah in January

Militant activity

Operations in Pakistan

TNSM in Swat

On 12 January , Fazlullah became the leader of Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi (TNSM) due to the enforcement of a ban by Pervez Musharraf, former President of Pakistan.

Biography of william shakespeare Mullah Fazlullah, the new Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan TTP leader, is a ruthless fighter who is vehemently anti-state and unamenable to peace talks. As chief of the local chapter of the TTP in Swat, Fazlullah drove civil and military authorities out of the area in , before finally signing a peace agreement with the government in As a result, Pakistani forces moved into Swat for the second time in two years, resulting in hundreds of deaths and millions of civilians displaced. Fazlullah was finally driven out of the valley by September , with several of his top commanders captured. But while the government and civilians rebuilt lives in the valley, Fazlullah continued to conduct operations in Swat remotely, from neighbouring Dir district and, as many locals tell Al Jazeera, the Afghan border provinces of Kunar and Nuristan.

The ban led to the arrest and capture of Sufi Muhammad, which placed Fazlullah into the leadership role.^[13][14] Sufi Muhammad was freed in after he renounced violence.^[15][16] Fazlullah managed to restore the organization, bootstrapping on the relief efforts by Islamist extremist groups following the 8 October earthquake.^[13] New cadres then began moving into the Swat Valley.^[17][18]

Alliance with Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan

In the aftermath of the siege of Lal Masjid, Fazlullah's forces and Baitullah Mehsud's Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) formed an alliance.

Fazlullah and his army henceforth reportedly received orders from Mehsud.^[19] A temporary cease-fire from May to September allowed Fazlullah to consolidate his political forces in Swat.^[11][20]

Parallel government

With the support of more than 4, militants, by late October Fazlullah had established a "parallel government" in 59 villages in Swat Valley by starting Islamic courts to enforce sharia law.^[21][22]

Reports of wounding

On 10 July , BBC reported that Fazlullah was near death after being critically wounded, corroborating statements made by senior government and security officials in Pakistan.^[6] This was a day after the army announced it had wounded the Taliban chief in the Swat valley.^[23] The Taliban have denied that Fazlullah was critically injured.^[24] The Pakistan army, however, refuted this claim and insisted that a man impersonated Fazlullah when he allegedly denied that he was critically injured.^[25]

Madrassa

Fazlullah developed a $US million madrassa with assistance from the Taliban which was used as his base of operations.^[27] It was funded by the JEI faction led by Maulana Sami-ul-haq.^[28]

Operations from Afghanistan

On 29 November , Pakistani security forces captured Fazlullah's headquarters and arrested his brother.

Fazlullah himself had already fled to another village. Security Forces have now retaken most of the Swat region. In , Fazlullah was allegedly hiding in the Konar province in Afghanistan.^[29] On 26 January , it was reported that Maulvi Abdul Raziq, a close aide of Fazlullah, was arrested in the Kot area of Charbagh.^[30] In November , Fazlullah told the BBC's Urdu Service that he had escaped from Pakistan to Afghanistan and warned that he would continue to attack Pakistani forces in Swat.^[31]

In October , Maj GenAthar Abbas complained to Reuters that Pakistan had urged Afghanistan and the US to take action against Fazlullah in response to cross-border raids in Dir, Bajaur and Mohmand from April to August but that no efforts had been made.

Abbas elaborated, "Fazlullah and his group are trying to re-enter Swat through Dir."^[5]

In June , a TTP spokesman claimed that Fazlullah was leading attacks on Pakistan from Afghanistan's border provinces.^[32] Reuters indicated that he controlled a km stretch of area in Nuristan province along the Pakistani border.^[33]

On 3 December , it was revealed to the media by TTP spokesperson that Fazlullah has crossed the Pak-Afghan border into Pakistan's tribal areas, he was expected to end the squabbling among the Taliban leadership relating to his appointment as new TTP Chief.^[34][35]

Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan leadership

After the death of Hakimullah Mehsud in a drone attack, Fazlullah was appointed the new "Emir" (Chief) of the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan on 7 November ^[36] According to Ehsanullah Ehsan, the former spokesperson for TTP, Mullah Fazlullah became the leader via lucky draw.^[37]

Army Public School attack in Peshawar

Main article: Peshawar school massacre

On 16 December , six militants reportedly dressed as Pakistani Army soldiers entered the school through the graveyard situated on the backside of school and killed around people including students and the principal.

In reaction to this massacre, Pakistan intensified its ongoing operation Zarb-e-Azab against the militants. Some Pakistani officials claim that Fazlullah masterminded the attack and subsequently hid on the Afghan side of the Durand Line. He narrowly escaped a U.S. drone strike on 25 November ^[38]

Views and opposition to female education

In , many seats reserved for women in northern Pakistan went unfilled due in large part to the actions of the TNSM.^[39] In , Fazlullah was quoted as saying: We have our tradition that bans women from taking part in the elections and violators will be punished.^[39]

Fazlullah started an illegal local FM channel in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa's Swat Valley in ^[40] He preached forcing vice and virtue and had an anti-Western Jihadi stance.

He was considered pro-Taliban and was a very powerful figure in the area. He considered most communication-based electronics as "major sources of spreading Jihad" and transmitted broadcasts of his sermons on an illegal local FM radio channel, hence the nickname "Radio Mullah" or "Maulana Radio".

FM signals were relayed from mobile transmitters mounted on motorcycles and trucks.

During nightly broadcasts, prohibited activities were routinely declared and violators' names announced for assassination, which often included beheading.^[41]

With Swat under Fazlullah's control he and his followers quickly moved to set up the Sharia Courts as primary judicial courts instead of when he was running them parallel to the Pakistani National Judicial Courts.^[42]

He led a drive of eradicating vices such as music, dancing, and of what he calls "major sources of sin" such as TVs, CDs, computers and other video equipment by burning the electronics or the shops in which they are housed.^[43] Fazlullah threatened barbers who shaved their customers' beards and warned against girls attending schools.^[12]

He opposed a polio vaccination drive in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa claiming that aid workers were seeking to proselytise in the region, as well as spy for foreign forces.

In some sermons he had also considered it against Islamic norms. He considered Hepatitis C as a more important health issue than polio and questioned the West's intentions. The propaganda had hindered the drive immensely as the local people saw volunteers and workers for the World Health Organization vaccination program as a threat and in some cases the immunization teams were physically beaten.^[44]

On 9 October , an assassin instructed by Fazlullah shot Malala Yousafzai.^[45] Although the attack was meant to kill Malala it made her a very respected and prominent leader.^[46]

Death

On 23 March , Pakistani military forces and the Pakistani media reported that Fazlullah was killed on the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan.

This claim was denied by Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan. On 14 June , Fazlullah was killed in an American drone strike in Kunar Province, Afghanistan.^[47][48][3] The TTP confirmed his death and announced Mufti Noor Wali Mehsud alias Abu Mansoor Asim as their new leader.^[49]

See also

References

External links